Wednesday, December 24, 2008

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Undoubtedly one of the greatest inventors in history, with more than 1000 patents.
I will not write all his inventions, but if you comment on some curiosities.

really did not invent the electric light bulb, but if the improved and patented.
Did you know that the "E", the thread form bulbs, like "E12" and "E 24" is due to the first letter of Edison?

was ejected from school their academic performance, in reality the problem is that class had not heard, it was almost deaf.

was totally against the AC because its facilities are operating current.
To demonstrate the dangers of alternating current conducted several experiments among which are electrocuted an elephant. It caused panic as people started the wiring of your home!.
But even went further, invented the electric chair (alternating current), years after he apologized for it.














discovered the so-called "Edison effect," which consisted in passing electricity from a filament to a metal plate inside a globe of incandescent lamp. What served as the principle to the principle of valves and electronics.

Friday, December 19, 2008

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soon,,,

Several tutorials on the design of PCB (printed circuit boards)
Media
basic
Products, tips, materials,,

Methods:

toner transfer method, you simply need an iron to transfer the design our copper plate. It's simple, fast and cheap.

Method for heat exhaustion, is how to get circuits almost "professional" is more expensive and time consuming to do by transfer of toner, but the results are worth it.

Tricks:

Tips on how to avoid mistakes and how to make our PCB more quickly and cleanly as possible.

For the realization of these plates need to both:

latex gloves, plastic containers, plastic tweezers


Chemicals: Caustic soda powder
((((Attention!! Is very corrosive to !!!!!))) skin (in drugstores)
110volumenes oxygenated water (at drugstores), with hair care!
Salfumant (Drogerie)

Other information
water, detergent, permanent marker, photographic paper.

Sunday, December 7, 2008

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Power Laboratory Coltan

One of the most useful tools for an amateur electronics is a power supply with a variable output voltage, since obviously all subsequent projects need energy, and batteries are a good alternative. Buy

a source of these features would be very expensive, around 150 euros and get a 24V 10A transformer as shown in most tutorials Internet, it is not cheap. We therefore opted to use an ATX source, which can achieve any old computer repair shops or points of our city clean, free of charge.

For this show we need the following components:
(click on them for more information)

3 2N3055 transistor

3 0.5 ohm resistors at least 6W
Lm 317
10k potentiometer + bezel.
270 ohm resistor capacitor 10 uF
Box 40V 12V fan


4 terminal 4 terminal red black
Switch
12v voltmeter panel radiators
transistors and integrated.
panel Fuse + Fuse 2 A
Fasteners and thermal paste.

First of all I will give some recommendations to avoid problems that can find you:
  • The box should be large enough to accommodate ATX plate, control circuit, fans and all the wiring.
  • Remember you are dealing with working on 220V circuits, be careful when making connections and isolate all very well and never work under stress. Prepare
  • bits and crowns of several steps to make the holes for the panel components.
  • can add anything you want, such as a voltmeter more departures from the source, etc.
The circuit is as follows:











can mount it as I have, on a plate of "islands" are placed the regulator, the resistor 270 and condenser because the transistors are placed on the radiators and the heating can place next to them.

start with the removal of the source ATX, for we must not find many difficulties, yet if we have a box large enough supply, we can leave even with all the metal casing.

To operate a source ATX out of a computer, we must attach the green wire black one, we do this by welding to each other and using "case termorretactil " . This is what we do when we turn the switch on the 22 ov the source work.














Now, we mounted all the components in the front and back:





























As you can see I have placed the transistors out of the box with radiators, the main reason is because,,, did not fit into the box, but also a good option to improve their refigeración , remember to place the radiators using toothpaste témica.En can see the front panel mounted voltmeter, terminals The with a trim potentiometer and switch bright.

Once we complete panels, the source bridged and control circuit mounted, proceed to mount everything inside the box.
see that the power cable is more than we need, we leave and the others needed desoldering we can "reserve" a cd connector without cutting through if we make any extension in the other source posteriormente.Los connectors also cut them, do not need. Remember
to 12V input circuit of the cables from the power supply for atx sources the yellow wire is the 12v cable, here is a description voltages corresponding to voltages:
















For fixed output terminals just put a connector cable attached to the required voltage and its negative side (remember that all the black wires to the same place, it does not matter which you use). 12 is yellow, red is 5V,-12V is blue, 3.3-5v is orange and white.

I used a 220v light switch, which cuts the voltage directly.
2 A fuse was placed in the output variable.
If you want to increase the current in the output variable can do this by putting more transistors, note that all transistors are set equal, you'd just add it with the corresponding resistencia.Si decide to do this also points up the power of resistance to at least 10W.

Once all the cables together is something like














We set then screw the plates to the bottom of the box and we are gradually putting the wiring and set the front and rear.
Remember to put a fan somewhere in the box with a good outlet for this I used a crown size fan and fan cover an old grill. Before closing
reviews all good, all this good soldier, that the cables are properly connected and that nothing rubs on the fan and radiator.

Close the case and,, to me has been something like this:
In this picture we see the back of the box and fan detail at the top, remember that it is very important to place the fan to be able to get all the hot air from the box.






And this is the finished front!
as you can see I have placed
exits 12 and-12V, 5 and output variable, but as I said you can put as many as different strains have the power (-5, 3.3 ...).

variable output voltage ranges from 0.5 is a 11V (transistors and resistors cause a small voltage drop)


can label the cover doing a cover drawn by computer or simply exits


This source with a source-only 200W ATX is able to provide 9 Amps in the output of 12volts, 16 amps in the output of 5 volts, 500 mA in the output of-12V and up to 2 Amps
on output variable, the latter limited by a fuse.

Saturday, December 6, 2008

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The coltan is not in itself considered as an element but it is a material formed by the union of tantalum and niobium. The or coltan coltan stands for columbite and tantalite , is considered a unique material with some surprisingly useful features for electronics, such as resistance to extreme high temperatures, have the ability to store electrical charges and resistant to corrosion and alteration of the same, so lately is being considered the ideal material for use outside of our atmosphere in International Space Station in satellites, space stations,,

How does then the coltan with electronics? For though we never hear of it, we are surrounded by devices that contain a small amount of coltan (computers, mobile , MP 3, etc.). We have always heard that the components are made of silicon or germanium, but this is not entirely true since many of the advances of recent years is due to this material. As the GPS , navigation systems and size reduction equipment also due to the use of this material.

Increased use occurs in tantalum capacitors.







One of the reasons for the lack of this material, it is probably their way of extraction. This is a very scarce material is concentrated in a 80% Popular Republic of Congo, which as you know is at war. Well the reason this war is none other than the possession and extraction of this material, so Rwanda and Uganda the Republic of Congo remain in this conflict since 1998 to win control of the material.








also digging how this mineral is subhuman , tiny caves dug which most children are sometimes introduced because of its size have easier access. Most times these caves were built without supports or structures with which it is safe to enter them.
also associated with coltan are usually metals like uranium, thorium and radium, among others, extremely toxic to people in that environment.















Some international companies have stopped buying coltan this country to prevent abuse, looking for other alternatives such as Australia, although many others remain exploiting these mines due to lower prices.

You can see an interesting story on this topic, which corresponds to the "fourth millennium"
first part of the story.
Note that the report is divided into 4 parts, you can select the other parties to sidebar youtube.





Friday, December 5, 2008

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The Automatic Backup USB memory

Another interesting program, with which we can do many things, as always "good" and to back up our pendrive and "bad" as to a backup :-) a pendrive ....

USB dumper is an executable that has the function to automatically copy all the information on your flash drive to the folder you specify and all this without we notice, without screens or warnings.

is very useful for performing backups of our pendrive (or others!) But like everything else, has its 'bad' and this is to copy everything, and when we say all, are viruses , personal files ....



can also copy a file from pc to flash drive, but not entire folders can be with ... "think."

To download this program you link . Una vez descargado,lcopiamos el archivo completo al pendrive y buscamos el archivo .exe y lo ejecutamos y nos aparece una pantalla como esta:



















En el primer campo, ponemos la ruta en la que se guardará los datos desde el USB al Pc , podemos guardarlos donde queramos y nos da la opción de crear una nueva carpeta para ello.

En opciones, podemos crear macros para word y para excel.

si marcamos "copy files to usb device" (copiar archivos al usb) podemos copiar los archivos seleccionados desde cualquier carpeta del PC to flash drive.

For example, click on "browse" and choose the folder where you saved the data:



















If we choose "copy files usb device to "click on" add ", but this option must select the files one by one.

Once set, PUSLE Start. Now every time we introduce the stick on any computer will do what we have identified, but we realize we can only see that the program is running by parapadeo LED USB memory.

Friday, November 28, 2008

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The first "" "virus" "" "


No! I will not explain how to make a virus to load a PC , that you take care of you, but I will outline the steps to follow for a file. Exe handle data in our pc, without realizing it.
Actually this is more useful than the creation of viruses, such as backups or for example know that computers after a simple CD . We



with pendrives , a very useful to spread trash wherever we go!

We have seen in previous tutorials how to create a autorun and a "portable ", now join the two files to create a file self-extracting exe ...

For example, at the same introduce pendrive in usb , we copy a txt file in the folder windows :

The first difficulty we encounter is to make a simple file text becomes an executable, so it logically we have to have the text file created and compressing it with winrar . Now open the file. Rar and the tool self-extracting "select the file path:

In "extraction folder " indicate the path in which to save the file in this case system 32 (which are the most viruses, but remember, this is NOT a virus :-) )
"Run after extraction" we can leave it blank or open any file that is inside the rar , but if you leave blank will not appear at all, is what we want ...




modes in the tab select "hide all" so you do not see any information on this process.

Y "overwrite all files" ... here and start doing damage if we are not careful, this means that any file that is on the route with the same name as that indicated, will be replaced by our database.

accepted and creates the file. Exe



the
Now we just have to write autorun
[AUTORUN ]
UseAutoPlay = 1
shellexecute = virus. Exe

Now enter the same cd, pendrive or file reach our Pc , this will a file system folder 32.

As text document could be any executable file as either good or "bad" for our PC .

Remember! that by incorporating a autorun file our pendrive a self-extracting , we can not access it by double clik (if you do this run exe file as many times as click! !) But if we can peacefully see the files from " right button" Browse "



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Freezing a PC with DeepFreeze

is not to put our beloved computer in a fridge!, But to leave in a state invariant, ie, we can delete files, infect it with viruses or even tinker with the settings all windows and restart will be as it was originally.




It's very useful for computer scientists to tinker with programs, exchange data with thousands of virus infected pen drives or simply that we begin to prove "things."

is also very useful in public places that will use the PC several people, whom, they can occur many ways to shatter the windows, but can not.

Or just to make sure that you will not lose data or settings once set.

For this we need the program DeepFreeze we can find here.

Now we should see the icon with the exe file double click and we see this image: This image

select the partition or hard drive you want to freeze, it is usually best to select only one partition C and let for storing data, remember that everything you save in C will be cleared.



accept the terms of use and click Next or next if we have the English version.










Finally press "finish" and the computer restarts.








Once you reboot, this message will appear on the screen at start, which indicates that we have not set a password for the program, we can leave it without a password but it is recommended add a.




entered to configure the program from the icon that appears next to the system clock to come we must press SHIFT while double clicking. See this screen where you can "unfreeze" such equipment to install a program or save data in C. Pasword Box
can assign a password to access the program.
icon "bear" an evolving showcase the program is installed and the PC is frozen.

When selecting "unfrozen" icon is displayed with a flashing red cross.


Remember that all changes you make on windows are erased if the computer is frozen, so it is advisable to install the freezer once we have all the programs you want installed and the desired configuration.
You can also change the path of "favorites" from Internet Explorer to another partition than C so that they are saved, like the folder "My Documents" that can change your route.

If over time we want to uninstall the program, it can not uninstall from "Add or Remove Programs" if we choose "unfreeze" and reboot once this is done you click on the icon installation executable , we can choose to run the "uninstall".

Thursday, November 27, 2008

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Create file [autorun]! UPDATED!

When we want a CD, DVD or a file is run at the same time when we introduce them to a PC, we need to create an autorun file.

To create these, do not need any application or program, simply with the text editor windows.

Open a blank text document and put:
[AUTORUN] OPEN =

ICON exe file name = name of icono.ico

in OPEN, put the full name of the executable file you want to start automatically or if we do not have executable, indicate the name we put the CD recorded it.

In ICON, indicate the name of the icon. The icon must be saved in the same folder where we create the autorun.

For example, this is for a USB autorun:
[AUTORUN] OPEN = Disco.exe

ICON = x.ico

Once written, select "save as" and must write autorun.inf
look to be change the file extension. "txt" to. "INF"
should see an icon like this:





When you create an autorun on a USB, it has a peculiar value, usually by connecting the pendrive to the computer it should appear in my pc, the icon you have selected.
If the icon disappears, it means that the stick has been infected by a virus since the first affected are the autorun files.

is advisable to hide the autorun icon and the icon, for this select 'tools' in the top bar, folder options, "see" and select "Do not show hidden files and folders."

To hide files by pressing the right button, select properties and "hidden."

Sometimes we need to open a document, photo or even a web pagne, which means that it is an executable, this does not work for the OPEN, if we put shellexecute = nombre.extensión
eg shellexecute = document. txt

There's more ... and the autorun works when you click the icon for the CD, pendrive etc. But what if we run straight to insert the CD or USB?

Well, in the autoun paste this: UseAutoPlay = 1
Now the program or the file indicated in the autorun is executed at the time that you connect to PC.

To run a program directly on the flash drive or CD we can also use the command ShellExecute = file.exe for example, this autorun, open the workbench to introduce himself to the USB flash drive, and places an icon Pen.
[AUTORUN]

UseAutoPlay = 0
shellexecute = EWB512.exe
ICON = x.ico

You have to keep in mind that when making an autorun on a USB, it only works for windows indicated action and to see other files the pen must do so through "explore" with the right button.


Wednesday, November 26, 2008

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A virtual machine used to use an operating system already installed within another benefits "to our PC?,,
not have to reboot to go from one system to another.
Avoid having to partition the hard drive.
Share folders between systems.
...



How do we do? We need the virtualbox program, which will reserve a space on your hard drive to install the operating system a "guest."

can download it for free here VirtualBox
course need to install an operating system from different versions of windows or free systems like ubuntu Molinux or

I leave a video tutorial that explains step by step how to install and configure Vbox:

Tuesday, November 25, 2008

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Virtual Machine Software with winrar portable



First what is a portable?. It is a program anyone can enter a pendrive and use it on any computer without installing , this is what we do is to save time and space on the hard disk, because the program only uses disk space hard as you are using, then deleted.


Install the program normally and find the folder in C: \\ \\ system files (name of program), then we create a win-rar file with all archivos.Para that, once inside the program folder select all the icons, ("edition" on the top bar and "select all") now press the right click on an icon and select "add to (name of program). rar."










select the file you will find the program and entered the win rar decompressor

Y within the program, select the icon "auto removable "

Within this option, select" advanced "






On the "general", we must specify the target file after running and select the file. exe folder and write your name in "run after extraction."



On the "way":

select, unzip to a temporary folder .







The mode option, choose to hide it, so no screen will show any execution to unzip the program.

confirm overwriting selected.








In the "text and icon"

write the name on behalf of the program.

In the icon, must specify the file path. "Ico", the drawing icon, which can be extracted with before a utility to extract icons from executables. exe.






The license tab can write some guidelines and limitations of the program.

finally accepted.

Now we have the program portable, you can load into a flash drive and use it on any computer with the same operating system. Remember

you can uninstall the original program if you want your PC, you only need to create portable.



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Hi

Welcome to my blog!
I come first of all, my name is Ricardo G. Abellán and study a Superior electronic product development, the IES Universidad Laboral de Albacete.

What will this blog contain?,,, Well, interesting and useful things electronic, and computer programming, you learn in class.

addition to the projects that you perform the publish step by step, as a power supply, a Frequency Meter,,

Greetings!

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